RutinFomura yemakemikari iyi (C27H30O16•3H2O), vhitamini, ine simba rekuderedza kupinda kweropa mumitsipa yeropa uye kuputsika, kuchengetedza nekudzorera kusimba kwetsinga dzeropa. Kudzivirira nekurapa kubuda ropa muuropi; Kubuda ropa mumitsipa yeropa neretinal retinal uye purpura yeropa zvinoshandiswawo sezvinodzivirira muviri kubva muropa uye pigments.

Yakakamurwa kuita zvinhu zvina zvinotevera:

1. Rutin NF11: upfu hweyero-girini, kana kristaro yakatsetseka kwazvo; Hainhuwi, haina kunaka; Ruvara runosviba mumhepo; Inopisa kusvika 185-192 ℃, inova muviri webrown gelatinous uye inoora pa215 ℃. Inonyungudika zvishoma muethanol iri kufashaira, inonyungudika zvishoma mumvura iri kufashaira, inonyungudika zvishoma mumvura inotonhora, inonyungudika nyore nyore muisopropyl alcohol nemethanol, hainyungudike mutrichloromethane, ether nebenzene; Inonyungudika mualkali hydroxide solution. Nzira yekuziva ndeye A: hydrochloric acid reflux hydrolysis kuquercetin, ine nzvimbo yekunyungudika iri 312 ℃ B: red cuprous oxide precipitation. C: Kuwedzera sodium hydroxide solution ndeyeorenji yero D: ethanol solution uye ferric chloride solution ndeyegirini yero E: ethanol solution ine hydrochloric acid uye magnesium zvishoma nezvishoma ine tsvuku: ≥95.0%(UV)(nezvigadzirwa zvakaoma)

Kuderedza uremu kwakaoma: 5.5% ~ 9.0%

Kupisa zvakasara ≤0.5%

Chlorophyll ≤0.004%

Pigment tsvuku ≤0.004%

Chinhu chakabatana chinonzi quercetin ≤5.0% (UV)

Huwandu hwemabhakitiriya e aerobic ≤103cfu/g

Huwandu hwese hwechikobvu nembiriso ≤102cfu/g

Escherichia coli haizoonekwi /g

Mamiriro ekuchengetedza Chengeta mumudziyo usingapindi mhepo kure nechiedza.

2. Rutoside Trihydrate EP 9.0: Upfu hweyero kana yero-girini. Husinganyungudike mumvura, hunonyungudika mu methanol, hunonyungudika zvishoma mu ethanol (96%), husinganyungudike mu methylene chloride. Hunonyungudika mu hydroxide solution. Nzira yekuziva ndeiyi inotevera: A: Kunyungudika kwakanyanya pa257nm ne358nm, uye kunyungudika kwakanyanya pa358nm i305 ~ 330. B: Patani yekunyungudika kwe infrared inofanira kuenderana neyechigadzirwa chereferensi C: Mavara eruvara rwakafanana nehukuru achaonekwa panzvimbo inoenderana ye chromatogram yechigadzirwa chereferensi D: ethanol solution ine hydrochloric acid uye zinc icharatidza tsvuku

Zviri mukati 95.0% ~ 101.0% (nechigadzirwa chakaoma) (titration)

Hunyoro 7.5% ~ 9.5% (Cartesian)

Kupisa zvakasara ≤0.1%

Kukosha kwakanyanya kwekunyudzwa kwechiedza kubva pakusvibiswa kwemaziso pa450nm kusvika 800nm ​​hakufanirwe kupfuura 0.10

Zvinhu zvisinganyunguduki mu methanol ≤3.0%

Chinhu chakafanana neisoquercetin ≤2.0%, kaempferol-3-rutin ≤2.0%, quercetin ≤2.0%, kusvibiswa kwese ≤4.0% (HPLC)

Huwandu hwemabhakitiriya e aerobic ≤104cfu/g

Huwandu hwese hwechikobvu nembiriso ≤102cfu/g

Mabhakitiriya asina giramu ye bile ≤102cfu/g

Escherichia coli haizoonekwi /g

Salmonella inogona kusaonekwa /25g

Mamiriro ekuchengetedza chengetedza kure nechiedza

3. Rutin USP43: Nzira yekuziva ndiyo A: kunyudzwa kwakanyanya pa257nm ne358nm, uye kunyudzwa kwakanyanya pa358nm i305 ~ 33. B: Maspectra ekunyudzwa kweinfrared anofanira kuenderana nechromatogram yechigadzirwa chereferensi. C: Nguva yekuchengetedza chromatogram peak inofanira kuenderana neiyo yechigadzirwa chereferensi.

Zviri mukati 95.0% ~ 101.0% (nechigadzirwa chakaoma) (titration)

Hunyoro 7.5% ~ 9.5% (Cartesian)

Kupisa zvakasara ≤0.1%

Kukosha kwakanyanya kwekunyudzwa kwechiedza kubva pakusvibiswa kwemaziso pa450nm kusvika 800nm ​​hakufanirwe kupfuura 0.10

Zvinhu zvisinganyunguduki mu methanol ≤3.0%

Zvimwe zvinhu zvine chekuita ne isoquercetin ≤2.0%, kaempferol-3-rutin ≤2.0%, quercetin ≤2.0%, zvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana ≤1.0%, kusvibiswa kwese ≤4.0% (HPLC)

Huwandu hwemabhakitiriya e aerobic ≤104cfu/g

Huwandu hwese hwechikobvu nembiriso ≤103cfu/g

Escherichia coli haizoonekwi /10g

Salmonella haifanirwe kuonekwa /10g

Mamiriro ekuchengetera akavharwa uye akachengetwa kure nechiedza.

4. Muyero weUshumiri WS1-49(B)-89 weRutinum: upfu hweyero kana yero-girini, kana kristaro yakatsetseka kwazvo; Hainhuwi, haina kunaka; Ruvara runosviba mumhepo; Inopiswa kusvika 185 ~ 192℃ kuti ive gel yebrown. Inonyungudika zvishoma muethanol iri kufashaira, inonyungudika zvishoma mumvura iri kufashaira, inonyungudika zvishoma mumvura inotonhora, hainyungudike mu trichloromethane ne ether; Inonyungudika mu alkali hydroxide solution. Nzira yekuziva ndeiyi: A: red cuprous oxide precipitate. B: Patani yekunyungudika kwe infrared inofanira kuenderana neyechinhu chinodzora. C: Kunyungudika kwakanyanya kunowanikwa pahurefu hwe 259±1nm uye 362.5±1nm.

Zviri mukati ≥93.0%(UV)(nechinhu chakaoma)

Kuderedza uremu kwakaoma 5.5% ~ 9.0%

Kupisa zvakasara ≤0.3%

Zvinhu zvisinganyunguduke mu methanol ≤2.5% (zvinhu zvisinganyunguduke mu ethanol)

Chinhu chakabatana chinonzi quercetin ≤4.0% (Nyaya yakatetepa)

Huwandu hwemabhakitiriya e aerobic ≤103cfu/g

Huwandu hwese hwechikobvu nembiriso ≤102cfu/g

Escherichia coli haizoonekwi /g

Salmonella haifanirwe kuonekwa /g

Mamiriro ekuchengetera akavharwa uye akachengetwa kure nechiedza.

Mishonga yemakemikari:

Chiito chekudzivirira kupisa (antifree radicals)

Mamorekuru eokisijeni anodzikiswa muchimiro chemaerekitironi rimwe chete mukushandiswa kwemasero, uye maion eO anogadzirwa nekuderedzwa kwemamorekuru eokisijeni muchimiro chemaerekitironi rimwe chete anobva agadzira H2O2 uye mafree radicals ane chepfu yakawanda ·OH mumuviri, zvichikanganisa kutsvedzerera kweganda uye kutokurumidzisa kukwegura kweganda. Uyezve, kuwedzera rutin muchigadzirwa kunogona kubvisa mhando dzeokisijeni dzinogadzirwa nemasero. Rutin imusanganiswa weflavonoid, inova antioxidant yakasimba yekubvisa mafree radicals. Inogona kumisa ketani yefree radicals, kudzivirira peroxidation yepolyunsaturated fatty acids pabiofilms, kubvisa lipid peroxidation zvigadzirwa, kuchengetedza kusimba kwebiofilms uye subcellular structures, uye kuita basa rakakosha mumuviri. [2]

Kurwisa lipid peroxidation

Kusanganiswa kwemafuta mumuviri (lipid peroxidation) zvinoreva maitiro akasiyana-siyana ekuoxidation anokonzerwa ne reactive oxygen species inorwisa polyunsaturated fatty acids mu biofilms. Zhu Jianlin nevamwe vake vakaongorora uye vakaongorora mashandiro eSOD mumakonzo, huwandu hwe free-radical lipid peroxidation product MDA, uye huwandu hweLipofuscin muchiropa chikuru, uye vakaona kuti rutin ine mhedzisiro yekudzivirira lipid peroxidation mumakonzo akachekwa, uye inogona kudzivirira kudzikira kwe antioxidant capacity ye antioxidant system mumakonzo mushure mekuchekwa. Rutin inogona kuramba kudzikira kwe antioxidant capacity kunokonzerwa nekuderera kwe endogenous estrogen uye ine antioxidant effect. High density lipoprotein (HDL) ine anti-atherosclerotic effects. Zvisinei, HDL, se low density lipoprotein (LDL) uye very low density lipoprotein (VLDL), inogonawo oxidized uye modified in vitro. Kana HDL yachekwa uye modified kuita Ox-HDL, ine mhedzisiro ye atherosclerosis. Meng Fang nevamwe vake vakaongorora mhedzisiro yerutin paHDL oxidative modification neCu2+ mediated oxidative modification in vitro. Mhedziso Rutin inogona kudzivirira zvakanyanya oxidative modification yeHDL. [2]

Mhedzisiro yekusawirirana kwechinhu chinogadzira maplatelet

Kukonzera zvirwere zvakawanda zvemwoyo netsinga dzeropa, zvakaita sethrombosis, atherosclerosis, kuzvimba uye ischemia-reperfusion free radical injury, zvine chekuita nekurapa kweplateletactivatingfactor (PAF). Saka, kurwisa mhedzisiro yePAF inzira yakakosha yekuderedza zvirwere zvemwoyo netsinga dzeropa. Kuedza kwakaratidza kuti rutin inogona kurwisa kubatana kwePAF kune rabbit platelet membrane receptors zvichienderana nehuwandu, kudzivirira kunamatira kweplatelet mutsuro uye kuwedzera kwehuwandu hweCa2+ muPMNs, zvichiratidza kuti mashandiro ekurwisa PAF kwerutin ndekudzivisa kushanda kwePAF receptor, uye wobva wavhara maitiro anokonzerwa nePAF, kuitira kuti iite basa mukudzivirira tsinga dzemwoyo. Mhedzisiro yacho yakaratidza kuti rutin yaive PAF receptor antagonist. [2]

Mushonga wekudzivirira pancreatitis

Rutin inogona kudzivirira kushaya calcium mumuviri uye kuderedza kuwanda kweCa2+ mudumbu repancreas. Zvakaonekwa kuti rutin inogona kuwedzera huwandu hwephospholipase A2 (PLA2) mudumbu repancreas remakonzo, zvichiratidza kuti rutin inogona kudzivirira kuburitswa uye kushanda kwePLA2 mudumbu repancreas. Rutin inogona kudzivirira kushaya calcium mumuviri wemakonzo eAP, pamwe nekudzivirira kupinda kweCa2+ uye kuderedza kuwanda kweCa2+ mumasero edumbu repancreas, nokudaro ichideredza kukuvara kweAP. [2]

Referensi: https://mp.weixin.qq.com

https://xueshu.baidu.com/usercenter/paper

Kuti muwane ruzivo rwezvekudya, ndapota taurai nesu. Tiri kukumirirai pano chero nguva.